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Market research · November 3, 2026
AI SPAC Merger Statistics: 2026 Report
Our analysts built a sample of 29 AI companies that became publicly traded through a SPAC merger between 2021 and October 2026. We took each deal's announced valuation and redemptions from SEC filings and tracked share prices, reverse splits, bankruptcies, and enforcement actions. We also read 1,061 SPAC IPO prospectuses filed since 2021 to measure how many new SPACs say they are targeting AI.
Key Findings
- Seven of the 29 AI de-SPACs in our sample no longer trade on Nasdaq or the NYSE, and three of them went bankrupt.
- The median announced deal value fell from $1.275 billion for AI mergers that closed in 2021 and 2022 to $320 million for those that closed in 2023 and 2024.
- The median redemption rate at US de-SPAC closings has stayed above 90% in every quarter with a published figure since Q4 2024, and seven of the nine AI deals with complete filing data lost more than 80% of the trust at the vote.
- None of the 25 AI de-SPACs with a current share price is worth $10 per original SPAC share. The median is $0.81, and 15 are below $1.
- The share of new SPAC IPO prospectuses that name AI in their target focus rose from 8.2% in 2021 to 27.6% in 2026 through October.
A special purpose acquisition company, or SPAC, is a shell company that raises money from investors in an IPO, parks the cash in a trust account at about $10 a share, and then looks for a private company to merge with. When the merger closes, a step known as a de-SPAC, the private company becomes publicly traded without a traditional IPO. SPAC shareholders get a vote on the deal and can take their $10 back instead of staying in. AI companies used this route heavily during the 2021 boom, and after a two-year lull, new SPACs are again raising money and saying they want to buy AI businesses. The record of the earlier AI deals shows what that pitch has delivered so far.
In the following sections, we break down AI de-SPACs by year, their announced valuations, redemption rates, share prices against the $10 trust value, bankruptcies and enforcement actions, and the AI share of the new SPAC wave.
How Many AI Companies Went Public Through a SPAC
This section counts the completed AI de-SPACs in our sample by the year the merger closed and shows where each company stands now.
A company is included if its name includes AI or its merger announcement described its core product as AI-based. The 29 deals are a defined sample, not a census (Source 1).
Completed AI de-SPACs in our sample by closing year
| Closing year | Completed AI de-SPACs | Still trading on Nasdaq or NYSE | Bankrupt | Removed from exchange, no bankruptcy | Acquired |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2022 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2023 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| 2024 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2025 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2026 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 29 | 22 | 3 | 3 | 1 |
Source: AI Industry Reviews analysis of SEC EDGAR closing filings and Form 25 notices, Oct 2026 (Source 1).

Source: AI Industry Reviews analysis of SEC EDGAR closing filings and Form 25 notices, Oct 2026 (Source 1).
Key Findings
- AI deals kept closing through the SPAC slump. Our sample has six in both 2023 and 2024, and SPACInsider counted only 43 de-SPAC closings across all sectors in 2025 (Source 4).
- Seven of the 29 companies are no longer publicly traded on Nasdaq or the NYSE. Three went bankrupt, three were removed from Nasdaq, and SoftBank Group bought Berkshire Grey in 2023 (Source 10).
- Announced deals can still fall apart. Churchill Capital Corp IX ended its merger agreement with PlusAI in April 2026 (Source 11), so watchers of the new wave should count closings, not announcements.
How Much AI De-SPACs Were Valued When They Announced
This section compares the headline valuations that AI companies and their SPACs announced when they agreed to merge.
Each figure is the value stated in the merger announcement filed with the SEC. Deals quote enterprise value (EV) or equity value, so the figures show what investors were told at signing (Source 1).
Announced valuations of completed AI de-SPACs
| Company | SPAC | Closed | Announced value (USD) | Value type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pagaya | EJF Acquisition | Jun 2022 | $8.5B | EV |
| Kodiak AI | Ares Acquisition II | Sep 2025 | $2.5B | Equity, pre-money |
| Berkshire Grey | Revolution Acceleration | Jul 2021 | $2.2B | EV |
| SoundHound AI | Archimedes Tech SPAC | Apr 2022 | $2.1B | EV |
| Rezolve AI | Armada Acquisition I | Aug 2024 | $1.8B | EV |
| BigBear.ai | GigCapital4 | Dec 2021 | $1.565B | EV, cut to $1.378B |
| iLearningEngines | Arrowroot Acquisition | Apr 2024 | $1.4B | EV |
| Palladyne AI (Sarcos) | Rotor Acquisition | Sep 2021 | $1.3B | EV |
| Evolv Technologies | NewHold Investment | Jul 2021 | $1.25B | EV |
| Near Intelligence | KludeIn I | Mar 2023 | About $1B | Market cap |
| Presto Automation | Ventoux CCM | Sep 2022 | About $1B | Equity |
| IronNet | LGL Systems | Aug 2021 | $927M | EV |
| Blaize | BurTech Acquisition | Jan 2025 | $894M | EV |
| Merlin | Inflection Point IV | Mar 2026 | $800M | Purchase price |
| Gorilla Technology | Global SPAC Partners | Jul 2022 | $708M | EV |
| Roadzen | Vahanna Tech Edge | Sep 2023 | $683M | Equity, pre-money |
| Boost Run | Willow Lane Acquisition | May 2026 | $614M | Equity, post-money |
| Exascale Labs | D. Boral ARC Acquisition I | Aug 2026 | $500M | Equity, pre-money |
| Brand Engagement Network | DHC Acquisition | Mar 2024 | $358M | EV |
| Helport AI | Tristar Acquisition I | Aug 2024 | $350M | Equity |
| Airship AI | BYTE Acquisition | Dec 2023 | $290M | EV |
| Fusemachines | CSLM Acquisition | Oct 2025 | $200M | Equity |
| Zapata AI | Andretti Acquisition | Mar 2024 | $200M | Equity, pre-money |
| Alpha Modus | Insight Acquisition | Dec 2024 | About $175M | EV |
| Spectral AI | Rosecliff Acquisition I | Sep 2023 | $170M | EV |
| ScanTech AI Systems | Mars Acquisition | Jan 2025 | About $149.5M | EV |
| Cardio Diagnostics | Mana Capital | Oct 2022 | $104.1M | EV |
| MultiSensor AI | SportsMap Tech | Dec 2023 | $100M | Equity, pre-money |
| Jet.AI | Oxbridge Acquisition | Aug 2023 | About $45M | EV |
Source: Merger announcements on SEC EDGAR (Sources 1 and 12).

Source: AI Industry Reviews analysis of SEC 8-K and 425 press exhibits, and Merlin's closing release (Sources 1 and 12).
Key Findings
- Deal sizes fell after the boom. The median announced value was $1.275 billion for the 10 deals that closed in 2021 and 2022, $320 million for the 12 that closed in 2023 and 2024, and $614 million for the seven that closed in 2025 and 2026 (Source 1).
- A headline valuation is set before shareholders decide whether to stay in. For investors in a new AI SPAC, it says little about how much cash the company will receive, which depends on redemptions.
How Many SPAC Shareholders Redeemed at AI Mergers
This section shows how many SPAC shareholders took their money back instead of holding shares in the merged company.
At the merger vote, each public shareholder can redeem shares for a slice of the trust, usually a little over $10 a share. Houlihan Capital's quarterly reports, based on SPACInsider data, track the median rate across all US de-SPAC closings (Source 5).
Median redemption rate at de-SPAC closing, all sectors
| Quarter | Median redemption rate | De-SPAC closings |
|---|---|---|
| Q3 2023 | 76.7% | 29 |
| Q4 2023 | 76.1% | 31 |
| Q1 2024 | 77.9% | 29 |
| Q2 2024 | 83.8% | 14 |
| Q3 2024 | 86.7% | 18 |
| Q4 2024 | 99.5% | 12 |
| Q1 2025 | 91.7% | 10 |
| Q3 2025 | 96.2% | 12 |
| Q4 2025 | 94.5% | 8 |
| Q2 2026 | 90.8% | 12 |
Source: Houlihan Capital quarterly SPAC reports, using SPACInsider data (Source 5).

Source: Houlihan Capital quarterly SPAC reports, using SPACInsider data, Q3 2023 to Q2 2026 (Source 5).
Key Findings
- The median has stayed above 90% in every quarter with a published figure since Q4 2024, while quarterly closings fell from 29 in Q3 2023 to between 8 and 12.
- High redemptions push the funding burden onto other investors. A company that loses most of the trust relies on PIPE investors, convertible notes, or payments to holders not to redeem, which can dilute shareholders after the merger.
We could calculate the closing-vote redemption rate for nine of the 29 AI deals from figures in their SPAC's filings.
Closing-vote redemption rates for AI de-SPACs with complete filing data
| Company | Closed | Redemption rate | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evolv Technologies | Jul 2021 | 50.7% | $87.6M redeemed, $85.0M left in trust |
| Berkshire Grey | Jul 2021 | 80.9% | $232.6M redeemed, $55.0M left in trust |
| IronNet | Aug 2021 | 92.3% | Stated in closing 8-K |
| SoundHound AI | Apr 2022 | 96.0% | $127.7M redeemed, $5.4M left in trust |
| Cardio Diagnostics | Oct 2022 | 99.5% | 6,465,452 shares redeemed, 34,548 public shares left |
| Roadzen | Sep 2023 | 99.97% | $81.0M redeemed, about $26,824 left in trust |
| Alpha Modus | Dec 2024 | 80.5% | $4.8M redeemed, $1.16M left in trust |
| Kodiak AI | Sep 2025 | 88.9% | $502.4M redeemed, $62.9M left in trust |
| Boost Run | May 2026 | 0% | No shares redeemed, about $134.5M in trust |
Source: AI Industry Reviews calculation from closing 8-K filings (Sources 1 and 12).
Key Findings
- Seven of the nine deals lost more than 80% of the trust at the vote. Boost Run is the exception: no Willow Lane shareholder redeemed (Source 12).
- For AI companies weighing a SPAC merger, the trust sets an upper limit on the cash raised. The cash a company can count on comes from committed financing.
How AI De-SPAC Shares Have Performed Against the $10 Trust Value
This section compares what one original SPAC share is worth today with the $10 a share investors paid in the SPAC's IPO.
We adjusted each latest price for reverse splits after the merger, so the figure is the current value of one share from closing day. Three bankrupt companies and Berkshire Grey have no current price (Sources 1 and 7).
Value of one original SPAC share, Oct 22 to 23, 2026
| Company | Latest price (USD) | Reverse splits after closing | Value of one original share (USD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boost Run | 7.44 | None | 7.44 |
| Evolv Technologies | 4.57 | None | 4.57 |
| SoundHound AI | 4.43 | None | 4.43 |
| Exascale Labs | 4.02 | None | 4.02 |
| Airship AI | 2.13 | None | 2.13 |
| BigBear.ai | 2.10 | None | 2.10 |
| Pagaya | 18.54 | 1-for-12 | 1.55 |
| Spectral AI | 1.50 | None | 1.50 |
| Rezolve AI | 1.47 | None | 1.47 |
| Roadzen | 1.11 | None | 1.11 |
| Kodiak AI | 0.99 | None | 0.99 |
| Merlin | 0.85 | None | 0.85 |
| Gorilla Technology | 8.14 | 1-for-10 | 0.81 |
| Zapata AI (now Zapata Quantum, OTC) | 0.72 | None | 0.72 |
| Palladyne AI (Sarcos) | 3.56 | 1-for-6 | 0.59 |
| Brand Engagement Network | 4.80 | 1-for-10 | 0.48 |
| Fusemachines | 0.34 | None | 0.34 |
| Helport AI | 0.28 | None | 0.28 |
| Blaize | 0.25 | None | 0.25 |
| MultiSensor AI | 3.91 | 1-for-40 | 0.10 |
| Cardio Diagnostics | 1.71 | 1-for-30 | 0.06 |
| Alpha Modus | 0.96 | 1-for-40 | 0.02 |
| ScanTech AI Systems (OTC) | 0.01 | 1-for-20 | 0.0005 |
| Jet.AI | 1.08 | 1-for-225 and 1-for-200 | 0.0003 |
| Presto Automation (OTC) | 0.0001 | None | 0.0001 |
Source: AI Industry Reviews analysis of Yahoo Finance prices and split history (Sources 1 and 7). Jet.AI's value also reflects a 10,548-for-1,000 adjustment in July 2026.

Source: AI Industry Reviews analysis of Yahoo Finance prices and split history, Oct 2026 (Sources 1 and 7).
Key Findings
- None of the 25 companies with a current price is worth $10 per original share. The median is $0.81, and 15 of the 25 are below $1.
- Six companies have done reverse splits of 1-for-20 or more since closing, usually to stay above an exchange's minimum price.
- Redeeming at the vote, for about $10 or more a share, would have beaten holding in all 25 deals with a current price. For holders of new AI SPACs, the redemption price is the benchmark the merged stock has to beat.
How Many AI De-SPACs Went Bankrupt, Lost Their Exchange Trading, or Faced Enforcement
This section lists the AI de-SPACs in our sample that went bankrupt, were removed from an exchange, or faced government action.
We counted a company as removed from an exchange only when Nasdaq or the NYSE filed a Form 25 for its common stock. Notices that covered only warrants are not counted (Source 1).
Bankruptcies, exchange removals, and enforcement actions among AI de-SPACs
| Company | Closed | Bankruptcy | Removed from exchange | Government action |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IronNet | Aug 2021 | Chapter 11, Oct 2023 | NYSE, Jul 2023 | None found |
| Near Intelligence | Mar 2023 | Chapter 11, Dec 2023 | Nasdaq, Dec 2023 | SEC charged former CEO and CFO, Jan 2026 |
| Presto Automation | Sep 2022 | None | Nasdaq, Sep 2024 | SEC settled order, no penalty, Jan 2025 |
| iLearningEngines | Apr 2024 | Chapter 11, Dec 2024; Chapter 7, Mar 2025 | Nasdaq, May 2025 | Former CEO and CFO indicted (EDNY), Apr 2026 |
| Zapata AI | Mar 2024 | None | Nasdaq, Mar 2025 | None found |
| ScanTech AI Systems | Jan 2025 | None | Nasdaq, Jun 2026 | None found |
Source: 8-K and Form 25 filings on SEC EDGAR, SEC releases, and the EDNY indictment (Sources 1, 6, 8, and 9).
Key Findings
- All six closed their mergers between 2021 and early 2025. Three lost their exchange trading without a bankruptcy and now trade over the counter.
- The government cases center on what companies told investors. The SEC found Presto falsely claimed its drive-thru voice AI removed the need for human order-taking. It alleges Near's former CEO and CFO overstated revenue by an average of 27%, at least $37.3 million in total (Sources 8 and 9).
- AI claims made to win a merger vote can be examined years later. The Presto order covers statements from November 2021 to May 2023, starting with its merger announcement.
How Many New SPACs Are Targeting AI in the 2025 to 2026 Revival
This section shows how many new SPACs have raised money since the 2021 peak and how many of them say they want to buy an AI company.
SPACanalytics counted 144 SPAC IPOs in 2025 and 157 so far in 2026, up from 31 in 2023. SPACInsider's full-year 2025 count is also 144, raising $30.4 billion (Sources 3 and 4).
To measure the AI share, we read every SPAC IPO prospectus (Form 424B4) filed from 2021 through Oct 22, 2026, and counted a SPAC as AI-focused when it says it intends to focus on, target, or pursue AI or machine learning businesses (Source 1).
US SPAC IPOs and the share targeting AI
| Year | SPAC IPOs | IPO proceeds (USD) | SPAC share of US IPOs | SPAC prospectuses filed | AI in stated focus | AI share |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 59 | $13.6B | 28% | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 2020 | 248 | $83.4B | 55% | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 2021 | 613 | $162.5B | 63% | 598 | 49 | 8.2% |
| 2022 | 86 | $13.4B | 73% | 82 | 9 | 11.0% |
| 2023 | 31 | $3.8B | 43% | 33 | 5 | 15.2% |
| 2024 | 57 | $9.6B | 43% | 54 | 7 | 13.0% |
| 2025 | 144 | $30.4B | 63% | 142 | 27 | 19.0% |
| 2026, through Oct | 157 | $30.3B | 68% | 152 | 42 | 27.6% |
Source: SPACanalytics for IPO counts, proceeds, and share of US IPOs; AI Industry Reviews analysis of SEC Form 424B4 filings for the AI share (Sources 1 and 3).

Source: SPACanalytics SPAC IPO statistics, accessed Oct 23, 2026 (Source 3).

Source: AI Industry Reviews analysis of SEC EDGAR Form 424B4 filings by SPACs (SIC 6770), 2021 to Oct 22, 2026 (Source 1).
Key Findings
- SPACs raised more in 2025 and 2026 than in any year since 2021, but each year's proceeds are under a fifth of the 2021 total.
- AI has become a much more common pitch. In 2026, some SPACs tie their whole search to it: Southport Acquisition Corp. II says it intends to focus on the artificial intelligence sector, and K2 Capital Acquisition Corp says it will pursue humanoid robotics and physical AI (Source 1).
- The new money has not yet turned into AI mergers. Houlihan Capital counted 186 SPACs still searching for a target at the end of 2025, with $34.9 billion in trust, and technology made up 23.7% of that capital (Source 5).
What AI De-SPAC Results Mean for the New SPAC Wave
For investors, the record of the first AI de-SPAC wave is mixed at best. A SPAC share starts at about $10 with the option to get that money back, and at the merger vote, most holders now take it. Those who stayed in through the 2021 to 2025 deals in our sample have, with few exceptions, lost most of that value.
For AI companies, a SPAC merger is still a faster way to become publicly traded than a traditional IPO, but the trust rarely arrives intact. The best results on paper, such as Boost Run's, come from recent deals whose prices have had little time to settle.
The revival brings a larger group of SPACs openly searching for AI targets, backed by billions of dollars in trust. Their results will depend on whether sponsors can find AI businesses with enough revenue to support the valuations announced at signing, a test many of the earlier deals failed. So if you are weighing an AI SPAC, compare the announced valuation, the expected redemptions, and the committed financing against the price you would get by redeeming at the vote.
Data Collection and Methodology
Sample. We built the AI de-SPAC sample from SEC EDGAR searches and merger announcements. A company is included if its current name includes AI or if the press release announcing its SPAC merger described its core product as AI-based, and if the merger closed between Jan 1, 2021 and Oct 23, 2026. We excluded companies where AI was a minor feature in the announcement, including Aurora, Embark, CXApp, Aeries Technology, OneMedNet, and Banzai. The sample is a defined set, not a complete census. Closing year comes from the closing 8-K, the SPAC's final filings, or the closing press release.
Valuations. Each value is the headline figure in the merger announcement, as filed with the SEC on Form 8-K or 425, or in the closing release for Merlin. Enterprise value, equity value, and market capitalization are not directly comparable. Medians by period mix these value types and are shown only as a rough guide to deal size.
Redemption rates. We used only the redemption at the closing vote, from the closing 8-K. The rate is stated in the filing (IronNet), or we calculated it as cash redeemed divided by cash redeemed plus cash left in trust, or shares redeemed divided by shares redeemed plus public shares left. Earlier redemptions at extension votes are not included, so total redemptions since the SPAC's IPO are higher for several deals. Blaize is excluded because a non-redemption agreement covered part of the trust. Houlihan Capital medians cover all US de-SPAC closings in each quarter.
Share value. Latest prices are from Yahoo Finance on Oct 22 or 23, 2026, including over-the-counter quotes for Zapata, ScanTech, and Presto. Value of one original share is the latest price multiplied by every split ratio recorded after the closing date. Split histories come from Yahoo Finance and may omit splits in thinly traded over-the-counter stocks. The $10 benchmark is the standard SPAC IPO unit price; redemption prices at closing were often higher, for example $11.45 at Kodiak AI and $11.58 at Blaize.
Exchange removals. We counted a removal only when a Form 25 covered common stock. Form 25 notices for warrants alone (Evolv, Palladyne AI, Blaize, and Jet.AI) are not counted.
AI share of SPAC IPOs. We pulled every Form 424B4 prospectus filed by companies with SEC industry code 6770 (blank checks) from 2021 through Oct 22, 2026, 1,061 in total, and read the first 700 KB of each. A SPAC counts as AI-focused when a sentence in which the SPAC describes its own plans (focus on, target, identify, pursue, seek, or examine businesses) includes AI, artificial intelligence or machine learning. Sentences from management biographies, risk factors, and descriptions of other SPACs are excluded. A manual check of 18 randomly chosen flagged prospectuses found one false positive, which came from a sponsor biography. Our prospectus counts differ slightly from SPACanalytics IPO counts because of filing timing and multiple filers.
Money. All figures are in US dollars as reported, so no currency conversion was needed. Percentages are rounded once from raw values.
Dropped figures. We left out per-deal redemption rates where filings gave shares redeemed but no remaining public share or trust figure (including BigBear.ai, Palladyne AI, Gorilla Technology, Helport AI, MultiSensor AI, and ScanTech AI). Houlihan Capital published no median redemption rate for Q2 2025 or Q1 2026 that we could find. PlusAI is not counted as a de-SPAC because its merger was terminated. We did not use a one-week post-closing return reported for Fusemachines because we could not reconcile it with the share price history, or third-party lists of top-performing de-SPACs whose prices were out of date.
Sources
- AI Industry Reviews analysis of AI de-SPAC mergers and SPAC IPO prospectuses, conducted November 2026, drawing on SEC EDGAR filings and market data collected through Oct 23, 2026.
- SEC EDGAR full-text search and company filings, including Forms 424B4, 8-K, 425, and 25. sec.gov
- SPACanalytics, SPAC IPO statistics by year, accessed Oct 23, 2026. spacanalytics.com
- SPACInsider, Full Year 2025 SPAC Report. spacinsider.com
- Houlihan Capital, quarterly SPAC reports using SPACInsider data: Q3 2023, Q4 2023, Q1 2024, Q2 2024, Q3 2024, Q4 2024, Q1 2025, Q3 2025, Q4 2025, Q2 2026
- US Attorney's Office, Eastern District of New York, indictment, United States v. Chidambaran and Naqvi, No. 26-CR-97, filed Apr 15, 2026. justice.gov
- Yahoo Finance, price and split history for each ticker, Oct 22 to 23, 2026. finance.yahoo.com
- SEC, SEC Charges Restaurant-Technology Company Presto Automation for Misleading Statements About AI Product, Jan 14, 2025. sec.gov
- SEC, Litigation Release No. 26469, Jan 27, 2026 (Near Intelligence former executives). sec.gov
- Berkshire Grey, Form 8-K on completion of merger with SoftBank Group, Jul 20, 2023. sec.gov
- Churchill Capital Corp IX, Form 8-K on termination of the PlusAI business combination agreement, Apr 2026. sec.gov
- Deal filings (announcement and closing documents on SEC EDGAR, plus Merlin's closing release): BigBear.ai: announcement, closing; Berkshire Grey: announcement, closing; Evolv Technologies: announcement, closing; IronNet: announcement, closing; Palladyne AI (Sarcos): announcement, closing; SoundHound AI: announcement, closing; Pagaya: announcement, closing; Gorilla Technology: announcement, closing; Presto Automation: announcement, closing; Cardio Diagnostics: announcement, closing; Near Intelligence: announcement, closing; Jet.AI: announcement, closing; Spectral AI: announcement, closing; Roadzen: announcement, closing; MultiSensor AI: announcement, closing; Airship AI: announcement, closing; Brand Engagement Network: announcement, closing; Zapata AI: announcement, closing; iLearningEngines: announcement, closing; Helport AI: announcement, closing; Rezolve AI: announcement, closing; Alpha Modus: announcement, closing; ScanTech AI Systems: announcement, closing; Blaize: announcement, closing; Kodiak AI: announcement, closing; Fusemachines: announcement, closing; Merlin: closing release with valuation, closing 8-K; Boost Run: announcement, closing; Exascale Labs: announcement, closing.
